Factors that Affect Skin:

Skin, particularly your face is in constant contact with the external environment and is also significantly affected by internal factors like your  health and lifestyle. The results of  damage is evident, as skin will becomes tight, uncomfortable, wrinkled, red, rougher and loses its glow and elasticity . 

Factors That Affect Sensitive Skin:-

Fluctuations in environment, stress and even your daily cleansing routine can all affect and even change the balance of your skin. These includes:-

• Environment:- It's a fact that skin adjusts to the environment - sudden climate changes can disrupt the balance of oil production, resulting in breakouts or flare-ups.

• Cleansing:- We all know how important a daily cleansing routine is - just don't go overboard! When you remove dirt and bacteria, you also remove some of your skin's protective oils.

• Stress:- Stress can cause your skin to go completely out of balance. Your body's natural defenses can trigger hormonal reactions, which can lead to redness and swelling.

• Sleep:-  Get 7-8 hours a night. Benefit: Your skin renews itself by building new cells while you sleep.

• Vitamin C:-  Eat vitamin C-rich foods and take a supplement for extra insurance. Vitamin C is a potent free radical scavenger that's known for its corrective and preventative benefits for sun and environmentally damaged skin.

• Water:- Drink 6-8 glasses of filtered water per day. Benefit: improved circulation and accelerated cell growth.

• Exercise:-  Do exercise regularly. It helps to revive circulation and speeds blood flow to the surface of your skin. Exercise can help alleviate stress.

The penetration in vivo of topically applied substances can be assessed by physiological or pharmacological signs or analyzed by chemical or histological techniques:-

• Vasoconstriction has been utilized for corticosteroids.

• Vasodilatation for nicotinates.

The penetration of substances through the skin surface depends upon different factors:

1. Age: The penetration is more in newborn and children than in adults.

2. Skin condition - The penetration is more on injured or abraded skin surfaces. Chemicals may cause injury and increase penetration.

3. Hydration of the skin - The penetration is more in hydrated skin than dry skin. Hydration increases the permeability of the stratum corneum. Water is an effective penetration enhancer.

4. Hyperemia - The vasodilatation of the blood vessels in response to different stimuli either local or generalized increases the penetration.

5. Fat content of the epidermis has no much effect on penetration.